Florynce Kennedy (1916-- )
  Civil and Women’s Rights Activist, Lawyer
“I’m just a loud-mouthed middle-aged colored lady with a fused spine and three feet of intestines missing and a lot of people think I’m crazy.  Maybe you do too, but I never stop to wonder why I’m not like other people.  The mystery to me is why more people aren’t like me.”  Florynce Kennedy
Page by Jennifer Otto, Fall 1999
Biography
February 11, 1916 Born Florynce Rae Kennedy in Kansas City, Missouri, to Wiley and Zella Kennedy; 2nd daughter of 5
1934: Graduates at the top of her class from Lincoln High School in Kansas City;   works a variety of jobs including owning a hat shop, singing on a radio show, and  operating an elevator.
1942: Her mother dies; she moves to New York City to live with her sister Grayce
 1944: enrolls at Columbia University
1948: graduates from Columbia with a bachelor’s degree in pre-law with an “A”  average
1948:  applies for admission to Columbia Law School;  institution initially rejects her; 
she argues that her denial was because of her race and threatened to fight it;  the
university changes its decision and admits her. 
1951:  obtains law degree and works as a clerk in a law firm
1954:    establishes her own office
 1957: though not a strong supporter of marriage, marries Charles Dudley Dye;    marriage quickly dissolves due to his alcoholism;  no children were born to this  marriage and Kennedy never remarries
1959-60:  begins to doubt law profession; felt the courts were racist and bigoted and   that justice could never be found; “Not only was I not earning a decent living, there
began to be a serious question in my mind whether practicing law could ever be an
effective means of changing society or even of simple resistance to oppression. " —Florynce Kennedy, 1976 on her law profession
1960s:  begins political involvement
1966 founded the National Organization for Women (NOW)
 1966:  creates the Media Workshop, the purpose of which was to fight discrimination
  in and through the media
1967:  Attends an anti-war convention in Montreal, became angry because they
wouldn’t let Bobby Seale speak (radical who wanted to talk about racism, instead of  limiting the discussion to the war), decides to take the platform and started protesting;  as a result, she was invited to speak out in Washington (*marks the beginning of her speaking career)
 1968:  protests with Radical Women (organized in 1967) at the Atlantic City Miss
  America pageant during which feminists were labeled “bra burners”
 1971:  forms the Feminist Party whose first order of business was to support Shirley
  Chisholm as a presidential candidate
1972: moves to San Francisco, CA 
 1972:    files complaint against the Catholic Church;  she believed that the catholic
  church violated the tax-exempt requirements in that it spent money to influence
  political decisions, particularly those that dealt with the abortion issue;  her complaint   was that the church’s activities were unconstitutional in that they violated the basic principles of the first amendment regarding the separation of church and state and they denied the same type of equal protection under the law by denying tax-exempt status to groups who did less lobbying;  nothing more is known about the outcome of this lawsuit
 1975:  founded the National Black Feminist Organization (NBFO); delivers speech at
  their first conference
1976:  co-authored one of the first books on abortion, Abortion Rap
1976: autobiography is published, Color Me Flo:  My Hard Life and Good Times
    1976-today:  still on the speaking scene
Key Points
Flo Kennedy had an extremely stable family life.  Her parents were extremely proud and protective of their children.  Kennedy and her sisters grew up feeling that they were precious and important and that authority and respect were earned, not granted.  These morals helped her to demand respect and gain authority through her civil rights, feminist, and gay rights activism. 

Flo had the knack of knowing what would get people’s attention, and was not afraid to do it, whatever it was.  Eventually, developed reputation for being rude, outrageous, foul- mouthed, and effective. 

 
Sources:
Carney Smith, Jesse.  Notable Black American Women.  Gale Research, Inc., Detroit, 1992.
Hire, Darlene.  Black Women in America.  Carlson Publishing, Inc., New York, 1993. 
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